Understanding Extension Cord Ratings

When selecting an extension cord for outdoor use, it's important to understand its ratings. These ratings indicate the cord's ability to withstand different weather conditions and its capacity to handle electrical loads.

Identifying Weather Resistant Markings

Look for a "W" on the extension cord's packaging or imprinted on the cord itself. This marking signifies that the cord is designed for outdoor use, being weather-resistant. Additionally, ensure the plug has a weatherproof rating, commonly seen as a "WP" mark.

Checking for Wattage and Amperage Ratings

The wattage (W) and amperage (A) ratings of an extension cord determine the maximum electrical load it can safely handle. Check the label on the cord or packaging for these numbers:

• Wattage: Given in watts, this number should be higher than the total wattage of all devices you plan to plug into the cord.
• Amperage: Indicated in amperes, it must not be exceeded by the total amperage draw of your connected devices.

Rating Type	Symbol	Importance
Wattage	W	Must exceed device(s) total watts
Amperage	A	Must not be surpassed by devices

Extension Cord Design Features

When selecting an outdoor extension cord, it's important to consider specific design features that ensure durability and safety when used outside.

Material Composition

Outdoor extension cords must be made from materials that withstand environmental challenges. Your cord should typically be composed of robust plastics or rubber designed for UV resistance and weatherproofing. Look for cords labeled with:

• Vinyl (PVC): Common for general use, offering basic protection.
• Rubber: Provides a flexible and durable option with better insulation.

Cord Insulation Types

The insulation of your extension cord determines how well it resists temperature changes, moisture, and abrasion. There are different insulation types, each with its own strengths:

• SJTW: Indicates the cord is rated for hard service and has a thermoplastic jacket fit for outdoor use.
• SJEOW: A cord with this designation has a thermoplastic elastomer jacket, which remains highly flexible in extreme temperatures and is flame resistant.

Plug and Socket Types

Outdoor extension cord plugs and sockets are designed to minimize the risk of electric shock and damage. Ensure your cord has:

• Grounded plugs with three prongs to reduce the risk of electric shock.
• Covers over the sockets to protect against moisture and debris.

Safety Certifications and Standards

Before choosing an outdoor extension cord, ensure it has the proper safety certifications and adheres to established guidelines and compliance standards.

UL Listing

The Underwriters Laboratories (UL) is a pivotal certification to look for. If your extension cord is UL listed, it means the product has been tested for safety risks and complies with specific standards for outdoor use.

• Look for: UL Mark on the cord
• Meaning: Tested for safety

OSHA Guidelines

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) provides guidelines for outdoor extension cords to ensure safe working conditions.

• Verify: OSHA acceptance indicated by a marking
• Cord type: Should be marked with "W-A" for outdoor use

NEC Compliance

The National Electrical Code (NEC) sets forth requirements for electrical wiring and equipment, including extension cords.

• Check for: A designation of 'Outdoor' or 'W' on the packaging
• Relevance: Indicates resistance to weather, water, and UV light

Extension Cord Usage Tips

When using extension cords, it is crucial to handle them properly and avoid practices that can lead to overheating or electrical hazards.

Proper Handling and Storage

• Inspect Cords Regularly: Check your extension cords for damage such as frayed wires, cracks, or loose connections before and after use.
• Roll Carefully: Gently coil your cords in a loose loop when storing to prevent internal damage and tangling.

Avoiding Daisy Chaining

• Single Cord Use: Connect your appliance to one extension cord only. Do not plug multiple cords together.
• Power Strips: If you need additional length or outlets, use a quality power strip with a built-in circuit breaker instead of connecting several extension cords.

Maintenance and Care

Proper maintenance and care are crucial to extend the life of your outdoor extension cord and ensure safety. Adopt a proactive approach by implementing regular inspection routines and employing damage prevention strategies.

Regular Inspection Routines

• Monthly Checks:

  • Inspect your extension cord for any signs of wear, tear, or damage.
  • Look for frayed wires, cracked insulation, or exposed conductors.

• Before Each Use:

  • Verify that there are no cuts or nicks on the cord's exterior.
  • Make sure the plug and receptacle are intact, without any burn marks or melting.

Damage Prevention Tips

• Proper Storage:

  • Coil the cord loosely to prevent kinking, which can damage internal wires.
  • Store your extension cord indoors, away from extreme temperatures and moisture.

• Safe Handling:

  • Avoid running the cord under carpets, through doorways, or over sharp edges.
  • Ensure the entire length of the cord is fully extended to avoid overheating caused by coiled resistance.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

When an extension cord is designated for outdoor use, it must withstand environmental challenges. Identifying and resolving common issues can prolong its lifespan and ensure safety.

Dealing with Moisture Exposure

Your outdoor extension cord is built to endure damp conditions, but consistent moisture exposure can still pose a risk. If the cord becomes wet:

• Dry it immediately: Carefully wipe down the extension cord with a dry cloth to remove any moisture.
• Inspect for damage: Look for any signs of rust on the prongs or damage to the insulation.
• Use a GFCI outlet: Always plug your outdoor extension cords into a Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI) outlet to help prevent shocks.

Addressing Wear and Tear

Regular use can lead to wear and tear on your extension cord. To address this:

• Inspect before use: Check the entire length of the cord for cuts, frays, or any distortion in the wire insulation.
• Avoid heavy loads: Ensure the electrical load does not exceed the cord's rating, which is often indicated on a tag near the plug.
• Store correctly: Keep the cord loosely coiled and stored in a dry, temperate area when not in use to prevent kinking and cracking.